The Causes of Malnutrition for Pregnant Mothers Analysis and The Impact on the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED), and anemia are malnutrition in pregnant women. The impact is inappropriate maternal weight gain during pregnancy. It causes the babylow birth weight, the risk is greater stunting. Ogan Ilir District designated as a stunting locus by the central Bappenas in 2020. CED and anemia had a significant increase during COVID-19 pandemic in 2019-2020. This research aims to analyze the factors that cause malnutrition in pregnant women and their impact during the COVID-19 pandemic as an effort to prevent stunting.  Quantitative study with a cross sectional design used. 99 pregnant women taken by purposive sampling technique. Questionnaires and nutritional status measurements were carried out by measuring (LiLA), hemoglobin levels, and nutritional intake was assessed from food recall 2x24 hours. Data were analyzed using Chi square test. The results show that 13.1% of pregnant women experienced CED, 61.6% anemia, 62.6%, Emesis gravidarum and 44.4% weight gain was not appropriate. There is a relationship between energy intake (p = 0.004, carbohydrates (p = 0.012), the incidence of CED in pregnant women, there is a relationship between Fe intake (p = 0.0001 ) and consumption of TTD (p = 0.003) having anemia. and the impact of malnutrition, There is a relationship between CED (p=0.018) and emesis gravidarum (p=0.003) by weight gain of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is necessary to improve antenatal care services during the COVID-19 pandemic in providing information about fulfilling the nutritional intake of pregnant women so that mothers do not malnutrition.