Mediation Effects of Work Motivation: Self-Efficacy and Patient Safety Culture on Caring Behavior

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of self-efficacy and patient safety culture on caring behavior, with work motivation acting as an intervening variable. Using a quantitative causality approach, focusing on a population of 280 inpatient installation nurses, data were collected from 195 nurses across inpatient installations. The analysis proves that simultaneously, self-efficacy, patient safety culture, and work motivation positively and significantly affect caring behavior with the probability value of 0.000. The self-efficacy, patient safety culture, and work motivation improve caring behavior by 11%, 19%, and 70%, respectively. Partially, self-efficacy, patient safety culture, and work motivation have significant effects on caring behavior with t-values of 2.21, 3.69, and 9.67, respectively. Simultaneously and partially, self-efficacy and patient safety culture have positive and significant effects on work motivation with t-values of 7.48 and 6.98, respectively. Work motivation positively intervenes on the relationship between self-efficacy and patient safety culture on caring behavior so that they are able to increase the caring behavior of nurses in inpatient installations. This research introduces a novel integrative framework by combining psychological and organizational culture variables with motivational dynamics in a single empirical model. It contributes both theoretically and practically to the development of a caring behavior model tailored for healthcare environments, addressing a gap in existing literature and offering actionable insights for hospital management. Management could intrinsically contribute by offering training for clinical nurses across all levels. The patient-centered care model can also be implemented extrinsically to ensure that nurses promote effective nursing services. An appealing remuneration scheme provides an extrinsic motivator for nurses. Furthermore, management stresses nursing SOPs with strict consequences to enforce discipline in nursing care.