Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) Among Household Contacts of TB Patients: A Systematic Review

Jihan Fadilah Faiz — 2024-11-05

Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) occurs when a person is infected with TB but does not develop active disease. It is estimated that 2.3 billion people worldwide have LTBI, with household contacts of TB patients being a high-risk group. This systematic review aims to identify risk factors for LTBI among household contacts of TB patients. Literature searches were conducted through Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar from 2019 to 2024. Inclusion criteria included studies on LTBI risk factors among household contacts of TB patients, written in English or Indonesian, research articles, and participants who lived with an active TB patient for at least one night and/or had frequent interactions with the patient within three months prior to TB treatment, Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) or Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) tests were required. Articles were assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) to determine quality. Nine articles were included. LTBI risk factors among household contacts of TB patients include increasing age, male, occupation type (farmers/laborers/fishermen), duration of employment for >10 years, duration of working hours for ≥8 hours/day, contact with TB patients, sharing a bedroom with TB patients, bedroom density, overweight, and owning pets. Government, healthcare workers, and the society particularly household contacts of TB patients, must understand these LTBI risks to prevent further transmission and support the 2030 TB elimination program.

Evaluation of User Satisfaction in the Satusehat Application

Sulistianingsih Sulistianingsih — 2024-11-05

Digital transformation in the health sector aims to provide quality, fast, easy, affordable, and measurable services to the community. User satisfaction is paramount when providing services. Key factors influencing user satisfaction include Information, System, and Service Quality. An evaluation is necessary to assess how these factors impact user satisfaction and determine the success of the SATUSEHAT application. The study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. This study used a quota sampling technique with 106 respondents. The analysis used multiple linear regression analysis with univariate and multivariate classical assumption tests. This research focuses on SATUSEHAT application users who actively use social media platforms like Instagram and Twitter. The evaluation aims to provide insights into the influence of information, system, and service quality on user satisfaction with the SATUSEHAT application. The results explain that 56.6% of respondents were female, 43.3% were male. 54.7% of this study's respondents were undergraduates aged 19 - 34 years, 67.0% of respondents. Most of the respondents' jobs were employees, 34.9%. Service quality significantly influences SATUSEHAT application user satisfaction, with a regression coefficient value of 0.651, and information quality, with a regression coefficient value of 0.113. This research concludes that information, system, and service quality influence SATUSEHAT application user satisfaction with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05.

Uncovering Barriers to Maternal Mortality Audits: An Unseen Challenge

Salsabila Dinda Nuril Ishlahi — 2024-11-05

Indonesia has the third highest maternal mortality rate in ASEAN. The Maternal Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) program was established to reduce the high maternal mortality rate. However, the effectiveness of maternal audit implementation is still experiencing many obstacles, not only in Indonesia but also in various countries around the world. This study aims to describe the obstacles faced by the MPDSR team in assessing maternal mortality in Lombok Island, which was ranked eighth in Indonesia and significantly affected the national total. We used qualitative study with case study design through in-depth interviews with nine informants from two MPDSR program holders at the Health Offices on Lombok Island and one Maternal Perinatal Death Notification (MPDN) application coordinator at the West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Health Office in 2022. Data were analyzed using the thematic analysis approach. Triangulation were done by method triangulation, triangulation between researchers, triangulation of data sources, and theoretical triangulationt. The results showed that the problems faced by the MPDSR team, including ineffective of MPDSR program socialization, budget limitations of MPDSR program activities, feature issues in the MPDN application, the ratio between labor and workload was less than ideal, incomplete and delayed collection of maternal mortality data, lack of communication between MPDSR teams, health workers have not been trained in the data entry process, reluctance of the health department towards health workers and hospitals, labor outside of medical supervision, no monitoring of maternal mortality cases in wards other than obgyn, health workers did not understand the categorization of causes of maternal death according to ICD-10 code, the assessment was still conducted in a hybrid manner, not all cases were assessed, there was still a culture of blaming when assessment activity took place, and suboptimal monitoring of the sustainability of MPDSR recommendation. Problems and constraints in the implementation of maternal mortality audit assessments were complex, with different variations between districts, so it was necessary to establish communication and discussion to find strategies and solutions based on a priority scale.

Health Belief Model and Hand Hygiene Compliance Among Nurses in the Wards of RSUD dr. H. Kumpulan Pane Tebing Tinggi

Popy Latifah Bawean — 2024-11-05

One of the intermediaries for infection transmission between patients is through the hands of health workers. Hand hygiene is an easy, cheap, and effective precaution, but very difficult to implement. This study aims to determine the effect of health beliefs on nurse hand hygiene compliance in the inpatient ward of RSUD dr. H. Kumpulan Pane (HKP). This quantitative analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted at the inpatient ward of RSUD HKP. This study involved 210 inpatient ward nurses. Data collection was carried out using survey techniques, valid and reliable questionnaires, and direct observation. The majority of respondents were 36-40 years old (40.5%), were female (91.4%), had an associate degree (74.8%), had worked for 6-10 years (57.1%), and were civil servants (56.7%). All respondents had attended Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) training, experienced sharp object injuries and contact with patient body fluids, and 85.7% of respondents had experienced nosocomial infections. The majority of respondents had good perceptions of susceptibility, severity, benefits, cue to action, and self-efficacy, but the majority of respondents also had high perceptions of barriers. Further observation found that nurses' hand hygiene compliance was only around 56.7%. Data analysis found that nurses’ hand hygiene compliance at RSUD HKP was influenced by perceived susceptibility (p<0.001), severity (p<0.05), cue to action (p<0.001), and age (p<0.005). It can be concluded that although all components of the health belief model were associated with hand hygiene compliance, only perceived susceptibility, severity, cue to action, and age had a significant influence on hand hygiene compliance.

Factors Associated with Anemia Among Adolescent Girls Aged 10-19 Years in Central Kalimantan

Bellini Simangunsong — 2024-11-05

Anemia is a global adolescent health problem related to nutrition and often occurs in developing countries, including Indonesia. A lack of red blood cells or a hemoglobin level lower than 12 g/dL is known as anemia and is mainly experienced by women of childbearing age, including teenage girls. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with anemia among adolescent girls aged 10 to 19 years in 12 Central Kalimantan schools. This study was observational-analytic with a cross-sectional design. Data (n = 355 adolescent girls) were from secondary data from the data screening for Hb levels in the School Adolescent Girls Health Education program by PT Rimba Makmur Utama. Multiple logistic regression tests analyzed the risk factors (socio-demographic and health characteristics) associated with anemia. Analysis showed that 32.1% had anemia. Most of them were 10 to 14 years old. Consumption of iron supplements in the last week (PR: 0.450, 95% CI: [0.253-0.802]) and BMI-for-age (PR: 1.599, 95% CI: [1.005-2.544]) was significantly associated with anemia. Age, parent’s education, parental income, menstruation status, consumption of iron supplements, and consumption of deworming tablets were not associated with anemia. Optimized iron supplementation programs for adolescent girls 10 to 19 ages can decrease anemia prevalence.

Factors Associated With Cessation of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Working Women

Kalimah Kalimah — 2024-11-05

Initiating breastfeeding within one hour of birth and maintaining exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months are crucial for infant nutrition. The condition of mothers as workers is reported to be one of the factors that hinders exclusive breastfeeding, while the number of working mothers continues to increase every year. This study aimed to evaluate the level of exclusive breastfeeding and identify factors associated with the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding among working mothers. This research employed an analytical observational study. Data was collected from five health center areas in Langkat district, involving 165 working mothers. Samples were taken using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis included univariate, bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses. This study reported low levels of exclusive breastfeeding among working mothers. Several factors were associated with breastfeeding, namely age (OR=2.13, 95% CI, 1.07-4.24); p=0.044), education (OR=2.40, 95% CI, 11.24-4.64; p = 0.009), knowledge (OR= 27.08, 95% CI, 10.88-67.37; p<0.001), attitude (OR=18.80, 95% CI,8.33-42.43; p<0.001) and husband's support (OR=8.14, CI 95%, 3.92-16.87; p<0.001). Knowledge, positive attitudes, and spousal support become the determinant factors in the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. This study concluded that adequate knowledge, a positive attitude towards breastfeeding, and a husband's support are key factors for the success of exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers. Therefore, health workers must pay special attention to these aspects by providing education on the importance of breastfeeding for pregnant women and husbands. Providing education to husbands will increase the mother's readiness to give exclusive breastfeeding. It is suggested that future research design a model of public health education to increase the quality and quantity of exclusive breastfeeding among employed women.

Coleus Amboinicus (Bangun-Bangun Leaves) and Stolephorus Commersonii (Anchovies) Biscuit in Increasing Iron Intake in Adolescent Girls

Bernardin Dwi Fontani — 2024-11-05

Iron is one of the nutrients needed by the body, especially teenagers. The impact that occurred due to iron deficiency was anemia. Adolescent girls were more susceptible to anemia due to menstruation which caused an increase in iron needs so that good nutritional intake was needed to meet these iron needs. Iron-rich biscuits are needed to meet the iron needs of adolescents. Biscuits made bangun-bangun leaves and anchovies were the solution to the problem of iron deficiency in adolescents. Bangun-bangun leaves and anchovies were sources of plant and animal food that contained high levels of iron, so they were used to treat anemia in adolescents. This study aimed to determine the selected formulation, the effect of adding bangun-bangun leaves and anchovies to biscuits and the iron content of biscuits. This research was an experimental research, with the RAL (Complete Randomized Design) research method. Laboratory tests on the products of bangun-bangun leaves and anchovies were conducted to determine the iron content contained in the products. Data collection was conducted on 22 fairly trained panelists, to test the organoleptic of the products of bangun-bangun leaves and anchovies. Based on the results of the hedonic test, F3 biscuits were the most preferred formula compared to other formulations. Based on statistical tests, data was obtained that there was a significant difference (p <0.05) between the color, aroma, taste and texture of all formulas. The results of laboratory tests showed that the more bangun-bangun leaves and anchovies were added, the higher the iron content in the biscuits. By consuming F3 biscuits as additional food, it could meet the iron needs of adolescent girls, which was 15% of the total daily requirement.

Interdialytic Weight Gain and Nutritional Status are Associated with Quality of Life Among Hemodialysis Patients in Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang

Indah Listari Salsabila — 2024-11-05

Chronic kidney disease is the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Hemodialysis patients experience changes in all aspects of their life, particularly due to fluid and dietary restrictions. Excessive interdialytic weight gain and malnutrition are common problems that negatively impact the increase of morbidity and mortality in these patients, as well as a decrease in their quality of life. This research aims to determine the relationship between interdialytic weight gain and nutritional status with the quality of life of chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang. 102 patients were involved in this cross-sectional study, and they were taken by purposive sampling. IDWG data was collected using the IDWG observation sheet, nutritional status was identified using the Dialysis Malnutrition Score (DMS), and quality of life was assessed using the KDQOL-36TM. The data analysis used in this study is Fisher Exact test. Based on The Fisher Exact test, there is a relationship between IDWG and quality of life (p=0.048). The results of statistical analysis also showed a relationship between nutritional status and quality of life (p=0.047). Most patients had IDWG in the mild category, good nutritional status, and poor quality of life based on KDQOL-36TM. This study concludes a relationship between interdialytic weight gain and nutritional status with the quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis. It is recommended that health workers in hemodialysis units monitor interdialysis weight gain regularly and conduct routine nutritional screenings to prevent a decrease in quality of life.